TO VERIFY ARCHIMEDES’ PRINCIPLE

OBJECTIVE:

To verify Archimedes Principle, which states that an object immersed in a fluid, partially or completely, experiences an upward buoyant force equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object.

APPARATUS REQUIRED

Eureka Can, Spring Balance, Digital Top Pan Balance, Beaker, Small stone, Thread, Water

THEORY

Archimedes Principle states that an object immersed in a fluid, partially or completely, experiences an upward buoyant force equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object. This principle can be explained by the pressure difference between the top and bottom of the object. The pressure at the bottom of the object is greater than the pressure at the top because the bottom of the object is deeper in the fluid. This pressure difference creates an upward force on the object, which is called the buoyant force.

The buoyant force is always equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object. This can be mathematically expressed as follows:

Buoyant force = Weight of fluid displaced

PROCEDURE

1. Fill the Eureka can with water up to overflow exit pipe .
2. Keep dry and clean beaker over the digital top pan balance below the overflow pipe of eureka can.
3. Set zero for empty beaker weight.
4. Hang the solid (stone) object with thread from the hook of the spring balance.
5. Record the weight of the object in air and keep note as W.
6. Lower the object into the eureka can of water until it is completely submerged.
7. Record the weight of the object in water (W1) and weight of displaced water in beaker(W2).
8. Calculate the weight loss by stone (U) by substracting W1 from W

Lost Weight/Upthrust (U) = Wt. in air (W) -Wt. in liquid(W1) = Wt. of Displaced Fluid (W2)

U = W-W1=W2

OBSERVATION

S.N.	Stone Sample	Weight in Air (W)	Weight in Water (W1)	Weight loss/Upthrust (U) = W-W1	Weight of Displaced Fluid(W2)	Result
1						U =W2
2						U =W2
3						U =W2
4						U =W2
5						U =W2

RESULT

Weight loss by stone is equal to weight of displaced water.

CONCLUSION

Hence, Archimedes’ Principle is proved.

PRECAUTION

1. Make sure that the solid object is completely submerged in water.
2. Be careful not to splash the water when lowering the object into the beaker.
3. Be careful not to touch the object with your hands while it is submerged in water. This could affect the accuracy of the results.
4. Don’t forget to adjust weight of beaker as zero.